Pulsation Dampers - Add Friction From System Flow Resistance
Add Friction From System Flow Resistance to "A.H." figure. Also known as "Viscous drag" "scrubbing action" "Rotary flow" "Reynolds effect".
Pipe Fitting Component Round the corner of a Tee
Past a side opening of a Tee
Back into line from a side opening in a Tee
Rounded corner 90° elbow (Long Rad. or L.R.90)
Abrupt 90° elbow ("hard" 90 or Machined "L")
Gentle 45° elbow (Bends & or "5D" 90)
Effective Length of Pipe System
Leff := L+(0.0667xDxT1)+(0.0209xDxT2)+(0.0667xDxT3)+(0.0327xDxE1)+(0.0681xDxE2)+(0.0144xDxE3)
Figures applied for E and T are averages from tests
2. CALCULATIONS
2.1 Velocity V of the flow in the pipe:
